A tuple is a collection of values of different types. Tuples are constructed
using parentheses (), and each tuple itself is a value with type signature
(T1, T2, ...), where T1, T2 are the types of its members. Functions can
use tuples to return multiple values, as tuples can hold any number of values.
// Tuples can be used as function arguments and as return values
fn reverse(pair: (int, bool)) -> (bool, int) {
// `let` can be used to bind the members of a tuple to variables
let (integer, boolean) = pair;
(boolean, integer)
}
fn main() {
// A tuple with a bunch of different types
let long_tuple = (1u8, 2u16, 3u32, 4u64,
-1i8, -2i16, -3i32, -4i64,
0.1f32, 0.2f64,
'a', true);
// Values can be extracted from the tuple using the `.N` syntax
println!("long tuple first value: {}", long_tuple.0);
println!("long tuple second value: {}", long_tuple.1);
// Tuples can be tuple members
let tuple_of_tuples = ((1u8, 2u16, 2u32), (4u64, -1i8), -2i16);
// Tuples are printable
println!("tuple of tuples: {}", tuple_of_tuples);
let pair = (1, true);
println!("pair is {}", pair);
println!("the reversed pair is {}", reverse(pair));
// To create one element tuples, the comma is required to tell them apart
// from a literal surrounded by parentheses
println!("one element tuple: {}", (5u,));
println!("just an integer: {}", (5u));
}